Shameless advertising for a PhD candidate…

Interested in prairie ecosystems?  Looking for a PhD research program that will let you conduct research that will apply directly to the conservation of prairies?

Dr. Craig Allen and I are looking for PhD candidates to help conduct research on a range of topics, including the impacts of landscape fragmentation on prairie ecosystems, the role of biological diversity in the ecological resilience of prairies, the exchange of ecological services between prairies and their surrounding landscapes, and the effectiveness of conservation programs aimed at influencing the practices and attitudes of private landowners.  Funding for these PhD positions is available through the University of Nebraska’s IGERT program (funded by the National Science Foundation).

We currently have two sets of research plots set up along the Central Platte River that include replicated 0.3 ha prairie seedings of varying plant diversity, in which we are studying the impact of that diversity on plant/insect communities, soil chemistry and fauna, resistance to invasive species, etc.  In addition, we have several research projects investigating the impacts of prairie fragmentation and plant diversity on pollinators and other insect communities in both restored and remnant prairies in Nebraska.  We are looking to expand these and other research projects, but need to find motivated researchers to assist us.

If you’re interested, please contact me at chelzer@tnc.org or Craig Allen to talk more about possibilities.

The Density of Ants in Prairies

About five years ago there was a major rainstorm in early May that dropped 12 inches on our Platte River Prairies within 24 hours, and flooded most of our sites for several days.  I wasn’t too worried about most of the prairies (they’re floodplain prairies, after all, and should be used to flooding) but I was concerned about the influx of purple loosestrife from the out-of-bank river and about the fate of a few young prairie restoration seedings. A the same time, I was hoping the big rain would help end the drought we’d been in for more than five years (it didn’t).

As the prairies dried out, I started checking them to see how things looked. I was walking through a 5-year –old prairie seeding looking at the prairie plants, which were looking very good, when I suddenly noticed the ant hills. Everywhere I looked, there were ant hills. I couldn’t take a step without trampling one. I had a quick illogical thought that we’d been invaded by fire ants. Once my brain kicked back into gear, I realized that I was likely seeing the simultaneous rebuilding/repair of all the ant tunnels that had been in place prior to the big rain.

Ant hills in a 5-year-old prairie seeding about 2 weeks after flooding.

Ants are extremely important to prairies as predators and earth movers (and fill other roles as well) and I knew that they were really abundant, but until I saw the density of hills after that flood I didn’t really have a good idea HOW abundant they could be. After all, the hills are the tip of the iceberg, and only indicate the presence of numerous and extensive tunnels beneath the surface.  Before writing this post, I contacted James Trager (Missouri Botanical Garden) to see what he could tell me about the phenomenon I’d observed.

James said he thought most the hills were probably made by Lasius neoniger, the “cornfield ant”, which is a very abundant species common to prairies with sandy soil. He also said ants can survive floods by finding refuge in air pockets within their underground nests. That’s something I hadn’t thought about either – all the invertebrates living belowground have to be able to survive saturated soils, especially in floodplain prairies.

I thought about using these photos and story as the basis for a larger post on prairie ants, but decided that it would be redundant.  James has already written an excellent and succinct synthesis of the fascinating world of prairie ants.  Rather than trying to steal his ideas and re-write them, I’ll simply give you the link to his.  If you haven’t read his introduction to prairie ants, it’s well worth the few minutes it’ll take you to read it.

A wider view of the same site. This density of ant hills appeared to exist across the entire 80 acre prairie.

It’s an amazing world, isn’t it?